Role of Environmental Conditions on the Epidemic of Wheat Yellow Rust in Gharbia Governorate of Egypt

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt

2 Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt

3 Central Laboratory for Agricultural Climate, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt

Abstract

This work aimed to evaluate one hundred and fifty-five commercial wheat fields included six varieties to yellow rust (stripe rust) epidemics caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, in Gharbia governorate during the 2019 to 2021 seasons. Also, study weather variables associated with yellow rust outbreaks in wheat. Temperature, relative humidity, and rain variables were obtained from the regional climate model imeto2 (http//meto.at/farmview/) as well as the World Climate Research Programme (WCRP) Global Energy and Water Cycle Experiment's (GEWEX) Surface Radiation Budget (NASA/GEWEX SRB) during the infection period from January to March. Results revealed that the high disease epidemic linked to rain precipitation and number of precipitation days combined with the minimum temperatures (5−10°C) and relative humidity (RH) at least 60%. Levels of yellow rust severity varied according to the studied year, and wheat variety. Gemmeiza-11, Sids-12, Misr-1, and Misr-2 were the most susceptible varieties, while both of Gemmeiza12 and Sakha95 were resistance to yellow rust disease along the studied period. In 2021 season all the wheat varieties showed resistance response. The loss % ranged between 36.00, 40.00 %(Gemmeiza-11); 36.00, 37.25% (Sids-12); 25.00, 33.33% (Misr1) and 21.21, 24.84% (Misr-2) in 2019 and 2020 growing seasons, respectively compared to the grain yield in 2021 season. Low disease severities were detected ranging from zero to trace infection (2.00%) in the 2021 season. High and positive correlation coefficient (R2) was found between disease severity % and loss in grain yield of he tested wheat varieties.

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