Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1
Cotton Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, 12619, Egypt
2
Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
3
Water Studies and Research Complex, Abu Simbel, National Water Research Center, Egypt
Abstract
Two field experiments were conducted in the 2021 and 2022 growing seasons at the Water Studies and Research Complex (WSRC) station, National Water Research Center, Toshka, Egypt, to determine the effects of various irrigation conditions, sowing dates, and planting distances on the earliness and yield of the Egyptian cotton cultivar Giza 95. The primary impacts of irrigation treatments, sowing dates, and planting spacing, as well as their first-order interactions, resulted in statistically significant differences (P<0.05 or 0.01) in seed cotton yield and most traits evaluated in both seasons. Results indicated significantly increased cotton yields in 100% A.W. irrigation by 3.16% and 6.27% compared to 75% A.W. irrigation during the 2021 and 2022 growing seasons, respectively. Also, most traits are the same trend with differing ratios. Significantly higher cotton yields and most studied traits for February sowings compared to January and March were found; this is a 1.19% and 3.60% increase in cotton yields as average in both seasons, respectively. By 6.01, 4.65, 3.55, 2.26, and 1.24% increase in cotton yields at 35 cm plant spacing relative to absolute 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 cm plant distances as average in both seasons were observed, respectively. Seed cotton yield and most studied traits were higher in early sowings and wide planting distances than in late sowings and narrow planting distances under deficit irrigation conditions. The February sowing date with wider plant spacing under 75% A.W. irrigation may be a better way to increase seed cotton output in the experimental region under research, according to mean performances, stress tolerance index, principle component analysis. Furthermore, strategies for improving agricultural methods and raising Egyptian cotton's productivity will be developed with the aid of these data in the Toshka region of Egypt.
Keywords
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