1
Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Moshtohor, Zagzig University, Egypt
2
Food Technology of Research Institute, Agricultural Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
10.21608/ejar.1993.459047
Abstract
Feathers and hydrolyzed feather meals (HEM) of chickens, geese and ducks were evaluated. HEM were prepared by alkaline hydrolysis with KOH (Treatment 1) or Na OH (Tratment 2) , while acid hydrolysis was carried out using HCL (Treatment 3) or H3PO4 (Treatment 4). Heating with catalyst ( alkali or acid) took place at atmospheric presseur. After hydrolysis, neutralization was done , followed by vacuum drying. Untreated feathers were rich in protein which composed 93.54 -95.95% of the dry matter ( 82.21 - 83.77% of the wet sample ) . Chicken feathers had the highest level of protein. Feathers protein were markedly rich in cystine, serine , proline valine, leucine and methionine + cystine, but as compared with FAO reference protein and caluclation of amino acid scores (A.S) Proteins of feathers were deficient in lysine and tryptophan. Alkaline hydrolsis , particulary with NaOH (Treatment 2) was less damaging for EAA (essential amino acids ) than the acid hydrolysis , which seems to destory the tryptophan completely. HFM of treatment 2 , showed highest protein and energy and less ash. In case of chicken feathers , this treatment gave best HFM due to highest protein content (71.52%) and energy value 321.90 Cal . /100g) the yield was about 115% of original feathers weights. Chicken HEM of treatment 2, showed also best EAA composition as indicated by A. S. values. Concentrations of EAA for HFM were the highest.
IBRAHIM, M. K., EL-SANARRY, N. Y., & ABDEL-MOATY, A. A. (1993). UTILIZATION OF POULTRY FEATHERS IN FOOD AND FEED: 1 - CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND AMINO ACID PROFILE OF FEATHERS AND HYDROLIZED FEATHER MEAL (HFM).. Egyptian Journal of Agricultural Research, 71(2), 513-527. doi: 10.21608/ejar.1993.459047
MLA
MOHAMED KH. IBRAHIM; NABILA Y. EL-SANARRY; ADEL A. ABDEL-MOATY. "UTILIZATION OF POULTRY FEATHERS IN FOOD AND FEED: 1 - CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND AMINO ACID PROFILE OF FEATHERS AND HYDROLIZED FEATHER MEAL (HFM).", Egyptian Journal of Agricultural Research, 71, 2, 1993, 513-527. doi: 10.21608/ejar.1993.459047
HARVARD
IBRAHIM, M. K., EL-SANARRY, N. Y., ABDEL-MOATY, A. A. (1993). 'UTILIZATION OF POULTRY FEATHERS IN FOOD AND FEED: 1 - CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND AMINO ACID PROFILE OF FEATHERS AND HYDROLIZED FEATHER MEAL (HFM).', Egyptian Journal of Agricultural Research, 71(2), pp. 513-527. doi: 10.21608/ejar.1993.459047
VANCOUVER
IBRAHIM, M. K., EL-SANARRY, N. Y., ABDEL-MOATY, A. A. UTILIZATION OF POULTRY FEATHERS IN FOOD AND FEED: 1 - CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND AMINO ACID PROFILE OF FEATHERS AND HYDROLIZED FEATHER MEAL (HFM).. Egyptian Journal of Agricultural Research, 1993; 71(2): 513-527. doi: 10.21608/ejar.1993.459047